In the aftermath of Bashar al-Assad’s ouster, Murhaf Abu Qusra has emerged as a central figure in Syria’s tumultuous transition. Appointed Defense Minister of the Syrian caretaker government in December 2024, Abu Qusra’s leadership combines military expertise, strategic vision, and a commitment to unity. His journey from armed opposition leader to Defense Minister highlights his pivotal role in reshaping Syria’s military and political landscape.
A Revolutionary Leader Turned Defense Minister
Born in the city of Halfaya in Hama governorate, Murhaf Abu Qusra pursued a bachelor’s degree in agricultural engineering from the University of Damascus. His life took a dramatic turn during the Syrian revolution in 2011 when he fled to Idlib with his family. From the early days of the uprising, Abu Qusra, known by his military name Abu Hassan al-Hamawi, emerged as a key figure in the Syrian armed opposition.
As a prominent commander of Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), Abu Qusra spearheaded military operations in northern Syria, earning recognition for his strategic acumen. He was instrumental in leading the “Deterrence of Aggression” battle, culminating in the December 8, 2024, overthrow of Bashar al-Assad’s regime. His success on the battlefield paved the way for his appointment as Defense Minister in the transitional government.
Visionary Leadership and Military Reform
As Defense Minister, Abu Qusra faces the daunting task of unifying Syria’s fragmented factions under a cohesive national military institution. His immediate priorities include integrating opposition groups, such as the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), into a single command structure. However, he has made it clear that such integration must occur within the framework of the Ministry of Defense, rejecting factional autonomy:
“The faction that will enter cannot say that it wants to remain a bloc. It is more appropriate for the factions to enter the Ministry of Defense, integrate with it, and abide by its rules.”
Abu Qusra’s stance reflects his commitment to centralized authority and sovereignty. His efforts extend beyond military consolidation to modernizing capabilities. Projects like the “Shaheen” initiative highlight his focus on locally developed military technologies, emphasizing reconnaissance and night combat readiness.
Diplomatic Engagement and National Reconciliation
Abu Qusra’s leadership extends beyond military reform. Recognizing the importance of diplomacy, he has spearheaded efforts to reestablish Syria’s regional relationships. His visit to Saudi Arabia and planned engagements with Turkey signal a strategic approach to reintegrating Syria into the Arab world and addressing mutual security concerns.
National reconciliation is another cornerstone of Abu Qusra’s strategy. Through initiatives like settlement centers and judicial accountability, he aims to address societal divisions while fostering stability. The postponed National Dialogue Conference is expected to play a critical role in shaping Syria’s political trajectory, with Abu Qusra advocating thorough preparation to ensure its success.
A New Era for Syria
Despite the challenges of integrating the SDF, navigating international pressures, and mobilizing resources for reconstruction, Abu Qusra’s leadership embodies a transformative vision for Syria. His promotion to the rank of major general on December 29, 2024, underscores his prominence in the new Syrian government and his pivotal role in reshaping the nation’s future.
Murhaf Abu Qusra’s journey from revolutionary leader to Defense Minister reflects his commitment to unity, sovereignty, and progress. His efforts to rebuild a professional, inclusive military while fostering diplomatic ties and national reconciliation lay the groundwork for a new chapter in Syria’s history—one marked by resilience and hope.
